Longtan Island is located along the Gan River in the urban area of Xianning City, Hubei Province, China. It was originally a peninsula at the confluence of the Gan River and the Longtan River. To reduce water erosion on the historic Longtan Bridge, the northern side of the peninsula was excavated to divert the flow, forming the current river island, which is now connected to the western land only by the 120-year-old Longtan Bridge.
Due to the historical preservation restrictions of the bridge and its limited load-bearing capacity, all construction materials had to be manually transported to the island using carts. Additionally, the design had to account for soil balance on the island and incorporate resilient strategies to address partial submersion during the rainy season, all while minimizing construction and maintenance costs. The island is surrounded by diverse urban elements: a major city road to the west, the historic Yong'an Pavilion complex to the east, a residential area and riverside green space to the north, and a wetland park to the south. The island's design was developed in response to these constraints and contextual factors.
To engage with the varying "dialogue partners" around the island, diverse recreational spaces were introduced, including walking paths, shallow beaches, waterfront boardwalks, stone retaining walls, and play sandpits. Freely flowing lines organize the plan, guiding visitors through seamless transitions between spaces—from entry plazas to garden paths, and from the central square to intimate viewing platforms—without them even noticing the shift.
We preserved the healthy native riparian vegetation while introducing local Xianning plant species. Experimentally, six different seed mixes—varying in seasonal color, height, and function—were sown across the island’s green spaces, creating a rich natural experience at a low cost. The original terrain and structural foundations from prior construction were largely retained along the waterfront, allowing for site-specific play areas and boardwalks. Activity zones at different elevations are connected by a smooth, barrier-free pathway system, transforming what was once a monotonous, overgrown islet into a "garden of forking paths," offering abundant opportunities for exploration.
Longtan Island merges land art with visitor activity spaces. Two linear retaining walls and scattered "floating" platforms made of special aggregate concrete act as spatial anchors. These elements, like celestial bodies, create gravitational fields that shape the overall layout and circulation. The low, wide walls serve both as visual guides and spatial dividers, as well as places for play and elevated views. Small amounts of soil were intentionally left in the gaps between stones, allowing self-seeding plants to take root over time, blurring the line between human-made and natural landscapes.
Through artistic spatial design, innovative technical solutions, efficient collaboration, and meticulous construction and supervision, we worked with the client to create an island park for Xianning’s residents—one that delivers ecological benefits, embraces natural wildness, and serves all age groups—all within a limited budget.